Insulators zvigadziriso zvakaiswa pakati pemakondakita ane akasiyana siyana kana pakati pemakondakita uye pasi angangoita zvikamu, izvo zvinokwanisa kumira voltage uye mechanical stress.
Insulators inotamba mabasa maviri ekutanga musimba system: imwe ndeye kutsigira conductors uye kutakura mechanical stress;Chechipiri ndechekudzivirira ikozvino kuti irege kuyerera kana kudzoka pasi pakati pemakondakita ane akasiyana siyana uye kushingirira mhedzisiro yemagetsi.Iyo inosanganiswa nemidziyo yekugadzirisa conductor pashongwe uye yakavimbika insulate conductor kubva pashongwe.Panguva yekushanda, iyo insulator haifanire kutakura kwete chete magetsi ekushanda, asiwo iyo inoshanda overvoltage uye mheni overvoltage.Uye zvakare, iyo insulator inofanirwa kuve neyakanaka magetsi ekudzivirira kuita nekuda kwehuremu hwakafa hwekondukita, simba remhepo, ice uye chando uye mechanical mutoro wekushanduka kwekushisa kwezvakatipoteredza, Panguva imwecheteyo, inenge iine simba rakakwana remagetsi.
Classification of insulators
1. Zvinoenderana nemidziyo yekudzivirira yekugadzira insulators, inogona kukamurwa kuita porcelain insulators, tempered glass insulators, synthetic insulators uye semiconductor insulators.
2. Inogona kupatsanurwa mumhando yekuputsika uye isiri yekuputsika mhando zvichienderana nekuti ipfupi puncture kureba mu insulator iri pasi pehafu yeflashover chinhambwe mumhepo yekunze.
3. Zvinoenderana nechimiro chechimiro, inogona kukamurwa kuita column (mbiru) insulator, kuturika insulator, butterfly insulator, pini insulator, cross arm insulator, tsvimbo insulator uye sleeve insulator.
4. Maererano nekushandiswa, inogona kugoverwa mumutsara insulator, magetsi station insulator uye magetsi insulator.Power station insulator: inoshandiswa kutsigira nekugadzirisa kugovera kwemukati nekunze kwemagetsi emagetsi uye substation
Bhasi rakaoma remudziyo wemagetsi uye insulate bhazi kubva pasi.Yakakamurwa kuita post insulator uye bushing insulator zvinoenderana nemabasa akasiyana.Magetsi insulator: inoshandiswa kugadzirisa ikozvino inotakura chikamu chemidziyo yemagetsi.Iyo zvakare yakakamurwa kuita post insulator uye bushing insulator.Post insulators inoshandiswa kugadzirisa ikozvino inotakura chikamu chemidziyo yemagetsi pasina kuvhara shell;Bushing insulator inoshandiswa kutungamira ikozvino inotakura chikamu chemidziyo yemagetsi ine goko rakavharwa (senge sedunhu breaker, transformer, nezvimwewo) kunze kwegoko.
Line insulator: inoshandiswa kubatanidza kufambisa kwepamusoro uye kugovera maconductor uye bhazi rinochinjika remidziyo yekugovera kunze, uye kuvaisa kubva pachikamu chepasi.Kune mhando yetsono, rudzi rwekurembera, rudzi rweshavishavi uye porcelain cross arm.
5. Maererano nemhepo yebasa, yakakamurwa kuva yakaderera-voltage (AC 1000 V uye pasi, DC 1500 V uye pasi) insulators uye high-voltage (AC 1000 V uye pamusoro, DC 1500 V uye pamusoro) insulators.Pakati pe-high-voltage insulators, pane Ultra-high voltage (AC 330kV uye 500 kV, DC 500 kV) uye Ultra-high voltage (AC 750kV uye 1000 kV, DC 800 kV).
6. Yakakamurwa kuva yemukati mhando maererano nemamiriro ebasa: iyo insulator yakaiswa mukati, uye hapana umbrella siketi pane insulator pamusoro.Mhando yekunze: iyo insulator yakaiswa kunze, uye kune akawanda uye makuru masiketi eamburera pane insulator pamusoro kuti awedzere kureba kureba pamwe nepamusoro, uye kudzivirira kuyerera kwemvura mumazuva ekunaya, kuitira kuti ishande yakavimbika mumamiriro ekunze akaoma.
7. Maererano nemabasa akasiyana, inogona kukamurwa kuva yakajairwa insulator uye antifouling insulator.
Classification of insulators
1. High voltage line insulator
① Akaomarara insulators yeakakwira voltage mutsetse: kusanganisira pini mhando porcelain insulators, porcelain cross arm insulators uye butterfly type porcelain insulators.Paanenge achishandiswa, anonangidzirwa pashongwe nemakumbo esimbi kana mabhoti.
Zvinoenderana nechimiro chechimiro, porcelain cross arm insulators ye high voltage mitsara inogona kukamurwa kuita mhando ina: ese porcelain mhando, glue akaiswa mhando, imwe ruoko rudzi uye V-chimiro;Zvinoenderana nefomu yekuisa, inogona kukamurwa kuita yakatwasuka mhando uye yakatwasuka mhando;Zvinoenderana neyakajairwa, mheni yekumanikidza yakazara wave inomira magetsi inogona kukamurwa kuita nhanho ina: 165kv, 185kv, 250kV uye 265kv (pakutanga, 50% yakazara wave impulse flashover voltage inogona kukamurwa kuita nhanho nhanhatu: 185kv, 2l0kv, 280kv, 380kv, 450kv uye 6l0kv).Porcelain cross arm inoshandiswa mune yakakwirira-voltage pamusoro pekutapurirana uye kugovera mitsetse, iyo inogona kutsiva pini uye kuturika insulators, uye kuderedza kureba kwedanda nemuchinjikwa ruoko.
Butterfly porcelain insulators ye high-voltage mitsara yakakamurwa kuita 6kV uye l0kV zvinoenderana neyakayerwa voltage.Inoshandiswa kuvharidzira uye kugadzirisa ma conductor pane epamusoro kutapurirana uye kugovera mitsetse terminals, tension nemakona mapango.Panguva imwecheteyo, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kushandira pamwe nemutsara wekumisa insulator kurerutsa chimiro chehardware.
② High voltage line suspension insulator: kusanganisira disc suspension porcelain insulator, disc suspension glass insulator, porcelain inodhonza tsvimbo uye pasi waya insulator.
Yakakwira voltage mutsetse disc kuturika porcelain insulators yakakamurwa kuva yakajairwa mhando uye kusvibiswa kunodzivirira mhando.Inoshandiswa kune yakakwira voltage uye ekupedzisira-yakakwira voltage transmission mitsara kumisa kana tension conductors uye kuvamisa kubva pamatanda neshongwe.Suspension insulators ane yakakwirira mechanical uye magetsi simba.Iwo anogona kuiswa kune akasiyana-siyana voltage mazinga kuburikidza neakasiyana tambo mapoka uye kusangana neakasiyana esimba zvinodiwa.Ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa.Rudzi rwakajairwa rwakakodzerwa nenzvimbo dzemaindasitiri.Kuenzaniswa neyakajairwa insulators, tsvina inodzivirira insulators ine yakakura creepage kureba uye chimiro chakanakira kuchenesa mhepo nemvura.Iwo akakodzera kumahombekombe, metallurgical poda, kusvibiswa kwemakemikari uye zvakanyanya kusvibisa nzvimbo dzemaindasitiri.Kana iyo inodzivirira kusvibiswa insulator inoshandiswa munzvimbo dziri pamusoro, inogona kuderedza saizi yeshongwe uye ine kukosha kukuru kwehupfumi.
Chinangwa cheyakakwira voltage line disc kuturika girazi insulator yakangofanana neyeyakakwira voltage mutsetse disc suspension porcelain insulator.Girazi insulator ine hunhu hwepamusoro mechanicha simba, mechanical kukanganisa kuramba, yakanaka kutonhora uye kupisa kuita, hupenyu hurefu hwebasa, kuita kwakanakisa kwemagetsi uye kuramba mheni.Kana ichinge yakuvadzwa panguva yekushanda, amburera disc yayo ichaputswa otomatiki, iyo iri nyore kuwana, inoderedza zvakanyanya basa rekuona kwekudzivirira.
High voltage line porcelain dhonza rod insulator inoshandiswa padanda rekupedzisira, tension pole uye pakona danda remagetsi tambo ine diki muchinjiko-chikamu conductor wel0kV uye pazasi se insulation uye kugadzirisa conductor.Inogona kutsiva mamwe butterfly porcelain insulators uye disc suspension porcelain insulators.
③ Tsvimbo yemhando yeporcelain insulators yepamusoro yekusangana system yechitima chemagetsi.
2. Low voltage line insulator
① Pini yepini, rudzi rweshavishavi uye spool mhando porcelain insulators kune yakaderera-voltage mitsetse: pini mhando porcelain insulators kune yakaderera-voltage mitsetse inoshandiswa kuvharisa nekugadzirisa makondakita mutambo dzemagetsi dziri pamusoro pasi pe1KV.Butterfly porcelain insulators uye spool porcelain insulators kune yakaderera-voltage mitsetse inoshandiswa se insulated uye yakagadziriswa conductor pane magetsi uye yekugovera mitsara terminals, tension uye makona tsvimbo.
② Tension porcelain insulator yemutsetse wepamusoro: inoshandiswa kuenzanisa kusimba kwedanda pazviteshi zveAC uye DC pamusoro pekugovera mitsara uye mitsara yekutaurirana, makona kana mapango akareba, kuitira kuti insulate yakadzika tambo yekugara kubva kumusoro. kugara waya.
③ Insulator ye tram line: inoshandiswa sekudzivirira uye tensioning conductor ye tram line kana sekudzivirira uye kutsigirwa kwechikamu chinofambisa pane tram uye chiteshi chemagetsi.
④ Pin type porcelain insulator yekutaurirana mutsara: inoshandiswa kuvhara uye kugadzirisa conductor mumutsara wekutaurirana wepamusoro.
⑤ Insulators ye wiring: zvinosanganisira drum insulators, porcelain splints uye porcelain tubes, ayo anoshandiswa kune yakaderera-voltage wiring.
3. High voltage power station insulator
① High voltage indoor post insulator yechiteshi chemagetsi: inoshandiswa pabhazi remidziyo yemagetsi uye mudziyo wekuparadzira wemukati memagetsi chiteshi uye substation ine simba frequency yakayerwa voltage ye6 ~ 35kV.Sechitsigiro chekudzivirira chepamusoro voltage conductive chikamu.Iyo inowanzoiswa pakakwirira isingapfuure 1000m uye ambient tembiricha iri - 40 ~ 40 ℃, uye inofanira kushandiswa pasina kusvibiswa uye kudzikamisa.Iyo yakanyatso gadzirwa mhando yeplateau inogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dzine urefu hwe3000m uye 5000m.
② Panze pin post insulator: inoshanda kune yakavharirwa chikamu chemidziyo yemagetsi kana magetsi ekuparadzira magetsi ane AC yakatemerwa voltage ye3 ~ 220kV, ambient tembiricha ye - 40 ~ + 40 ℃ yakatenderedza saiti yekuisa uye urefu husingapfuure 1000m.Inoshandiswa se insulation uye fixed conductor.
③ Yekunze tsvimbo post insulator: inoshandiswa kune yakakwira-voltage midziyo yemagetsi uye yakakwira-voltage yekuparadzira zvishandiso kuti insulate uye kugadzirisa makondakita.Yakatsiva zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwekunze kwepini post insulators.
④ Antifouling outdoor rod post insulator: inokodzera munyu wakavhara density ye 0.1mg/cm² Nzvimbo ine kusvibiswa kwepakati mukati inoshandiswa kuvharisa nekugadzirisa midziyo yemagetsi yakakwira-voltage nemidziyo yekuparadzira magetsi.
⑤ High voltage wall bushing: kusanganisira mukati memadziro bhurangi, kunze kwemadziro bhushi, bhazi madziro bushing uye oiri bepa capacitive madziro bushing.
⑥ Magetsi porcelain bushing: kusanganisira transformer porcelain bushing, chinja porcelain bushing, transformer porcelain bushing, nezvimwewo.
Transformer porcelain bushing inosanganisira bushing porcelain bushing uye pillar porcelain bushing yemagetsi transformer uye test transformer.Switch porcelain bushing inosanganisira porcelain bushing yeakawanda oiri circuit breaker, porcelain bushing ye low oil circuit breaker, porcelain bushing of load switch, porcelain bushing of explosion-proof switch, porcelain bushing of disconnector, porcelain bushing of air circuit breaker, etc. inonyanya kushandiswa seyakavharidzirwa ye-high-voltage lead ye switch kusvika pasi uye semudziyo wekutenderera kutyora kuvharisa uye mukati mukati.Iyo porcelain bushing ye transformer inoshandiswa sechinhu chinodzivirira chezvino transformer uye voltage transformer.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-24-2021